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Adolescent alcohol exposure produces reductions in the volume of a specific brain area called the hippocampus, and reduces the formation of new nerve cells (See Ehlers et al.,. Neurosci. Aug 6, 244:1-15, 2013; Ehlers et al. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 37(9) 1466-1475, 2014; Amodeo et al., Alcohol. 2021 Dec;97:67-74.)

Overwhelming evidence for genetics as an important factor in the causes of substance dependence (See Ehlers CL, Gizer IR.. Am J of Psychiatry 170(2): 154-164, 2013; Peng and Ehlers Mol Psychiatry. 2021 Jun;26(6):2200-2211; Peng et al., Translational Psychiatry 2019 Feb 4;9(1):71)

Genetic basis of alpha brain wave pattern revealed (See Peng et al.,. Am J. Med Genet, 2017)

Low frequency brain electrical response to seeing sad faces is identified as a clinical biomarker for depression and suicide risk. (see Ehlers et al., Behav Sci (Basel). 2020 Oct 7;10(10):154; Clin EEG Neurosci. 2022 Apr 4)