Spatially and Mechanistically Distinct S1P Receptor Subtypes have Opposing
Effects on Pulmonary
Epithelial and Endothelial Barriers
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S1P modulates epithelial and endothelial barrier function. S1P induced S1P3 activation in alveolar
epithelium results in increased permeability via tight junction opening and
ZO-1 loss,
likely through Rho activation. In contrast, activation of S1P1 receptor on
endothelial cells activates Rac1 GTPase inducing downstream assembly and stabilization of cell-cell junctions
with reorganization of
actin cytoskeleton and VE-cadherin. G: G-protein; Green and orange circles:
cell-cell junctions. Reprinted with permission. Copyright (2005) National Academy of Sciences,
U.S.A.
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